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Be aware of infections due to A. schaalii, it is a uropathogen with potential invasiveness leading to severe infections. Taxonomy Family: Actinomycetaceae, Genus: Actinotignum schaalii Formerly: Actinobaculum schaalii Genus: Actinotignum A. schaalii A. urinale Natural habitats The natural habitat of A. schaalii remains unknown, but it is probably part of the commensal flora of the human genital or urinary tract. Clinical significance They are associated with genital and urinary tract infections, mainly in elderly and patients with underlying urological conditions. Some evidence suggests that this bacterium may also cause urinary tract infections among pediatric patients. Investigation must be performed for patients for whom urine culture remains ‘sterile’ under aerobic conditions whereas many Gram-positive rods and leukocytes appear on smear microscopy and of patients who do not respond to treatments for UTIs. Severe infections have also been described, such as urosepsis, bacteremia, cellulitis and endocarditis. Bacteremia with A. schaalii is associated with a mortality rate of 16%, with over 50% of patients experiencing severe sepsis.
Lactobacillus species produce lactic acid as their single or major metabolic end product from glucose fermentation Taxonomy Family: Lactobacillaceae Genus: Ligilactobacillus murinus Formely: Lactobacillus murinus Natural habitats They are widely distributed in the environment They belong to the normal flora of the intestine, urogenital tract and mouth. Clinical significance Despite the reputation of lactobacilli as beneficial organisms, they can be involved in serious infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Lactobacilli are particularly associated with advanced dental caries, where they are considered a secondary colonizer because of their preference for low-pH habitats, but probaply play a role in exacerbating existing lesions. The clinical infections most commonly caused by lactobacilli are bacteremia and endocarditis, with an associated relatively high mortality rate, with the mouth, the primary route of entry to the bloodstream.
Lactobacillus species produce lactic acid as their single or major metabolic end product from glucose fermentation Taxonomy Family: Lactobacillaceae Genus: Ligilactobacillus salivarius Formely: Lactobacillus salivarius Natural habitats They are widely distributed in the environment They belong to the normal flora of the intestine, urogenital tract and mouth. Clinical significance Despite the reputation of lactobacilli as beneficial organisms, they can be involved in serious infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Lactobacilli are particularly associated with advanced dental caries, where they are considered a secondary colonizer because of their preference for low-pH habitats, but probaply play a role in exacerbating existing lesions. The clinical infections most commonly caused by lactobacilli are bacteremia and endocarditis, with an associated relatively high mortality rate, with the mouth, the primary route of entry to the bloodstream.
Lactobacillus species produce lactic acid as their single or major metabolic end product from glucose fermentation Taxonomy Family: Lactobacillaceae Genus: Lactocaseibacillus rhamnosum Formely: Lactobacillus rhamnosum Natural habitats They are widely distributed in the environment They belong to the normal flora of the intestine, urogenital tract and mouth. Clinical significance Despite the reputation of lactobacilli as beneficial organisms, they can be involved in serious infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Lactobacilli are particularly associated with advanced dental caries, where they are considered a secondary colonizer because of their preference for low-pH habitats, but probaply play a role in exacerbating existing lesions. The clinical infections most commonly caused by lactobacilli are bacteremia and endocarditis, with an associated relatively high mortality rate, with the mouth, the primary route of entry to the bloodstream.
Lactobacillus species produce lactic acid as their single or major metabolic end product from glucose fermentation Taxonomy Family: Lactobacillaceae Natural habitats They are widely distributed in the environment They belong to the normal flora of the intestine, urogenital tract and mouth. Clinical significance Despite the reputation of lactobacilli as beneficial organisms, they can be involved in serious infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Lactobacilli are particularly associated with advanced dental caries, where they are considered a secondary colonizer because of their preference for low-pH habitats, but probaply play a role in exacerbating existing lesions. The clinical infections most commonly caused by lactobacilli are bacteremia and endocarditis, with an associated relatively high mortality rate, with the mouth, the primary route of entry to the bloodstream.
General information The genus name Trueperella has been proposed in honor of the German microbiologist Hans Georg Trüper. Taxonomy Family: Actinomycetaceae Genus: Treuperella pyogenes Formely: Actinomyces pyogenes, Arcanobacterium pyogenes Natural habitats They are not part of the normal flora of humans, but they are part of the normal flora of animals and also cause infections there Clinical significance T. pyogenes may cause pyogenische infections in animals. Flies for the transmission are suspected to be vectors. Infections in humans occurs mainly in rural areas; wounds Cause of; acute pharyngitis, urethritis, cutane- or subcutaneous abscesses or septic arthritis in a diabetic.
