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Gram stain from this brainabscess


Gram stain from this sputum

sputum rufum

rust brown color (sputum rufum) is found in pneumonia, blood stains the rusty brown.


rash from S. pneumoniae sepsis


photo ​COO onderwijs


close up

rash from S. pneumoniae sepsis

Streptococcus pneumoniae

  • General information

    • the following information is not yet verified
      Taxonomy
      Family: Streptococcaceae

      Streptococcus mitis group / Lancefield Group F
      - S. mitis
      - S. cristatus

      - S. oralis
      - S. peroris
      - S. pneumoniae


      Natural habitats
      Is a normal in habitant of the human upper respiratory tract, especially in children, without evidence of infection.

      Clinical significance
      They are the most frequently isolated respiratory pathogen in community-aquired pneumonia cases.

      They can be found in peripheral blood cultures of patients. S.pneumoniae is also a major cause of meningitis, leading to high morbidity and mortality in pediatric and adult patients.

      The most frequently observed infection due to S.pneumoniae is otitis media.

      Other infections includes sinusitis, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, endocarditis, peritonitis, cellulitis, brain abscesses.

  • Diseases

  • Gram stain

    • the following information is not yet verified
      Gram positive lancet-shaped cocci,

      (elongated cocci with a slightly pointed outer curvature).

      They may occur intra- or extracellularly, usually,

      they are seen as pairs of cocci (diplococci),

      but can also occur as single or in short chains of cocci.(body fluids)

  • Culture characteristics

    • the following information is not yet verified

      Facultative anaerobic

      5% CO2 improves the growth

      BA: appear as small, grey, moist (sometimes mucoid) colonies and produce a zone of α-hemolysis.

      Once the pneumococcal culture ages 24-48 hours, the colonies become flattened, and the central portion becomes depressed, by autolysis (which does not occur with viridans streptococci)

      Encapsulated pneumococci produce round, glistening colonies surrounded by a zone of α-hemolysis.

      McConkey: no growth

      BBAØ: growth

  • Characteristics

  • References

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