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"Clubbing" of the fingers is a classic feature of Cystic Fibrosis, although not present in many patients


author Desherinka
photo wikimedia commons
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Acopaquia.jpg




health problems with Cystic Fibrosis


Author Bruce Blaus
wikimedia commons
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blausen_0286_CysticFibrosis.png


health problems with Cystic Fibrosis


Author Bruce Blaus
wikimedia commons

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blausen_0620_Lungs_NormalvsInflamedAirway.png

Burkholderia cenocepacia

  • General information

    • the following information is not yet verified
      Several Burkholderia species have been isolated from human clinical samples, but only Burkoldeia cepacia complex, B. gladioli , B. mallei and B. pseudomallei are generally recognized as human pathogens.

      Taxonomy
      Family: Burkholderiaceae

      Burkholderia cepacia complex includes genomospecies
      B. ambifaria, B. anthina, B. arboris, B. cepacia, B. cenocepacia, B. diffusa, B. dolosa, B. latens, B. metallica, B. multivorans, B. phenazinium, B. pyrrocinia, B. seminalis, B. stabilis, B. vietnamiensis

      Natural habitat
      They are found in water and soil and can survive for prolonged periods in moist environments.
      These bacteria can act as a powerful pesticide, capable of eliminating many soil-borne plant pathogens.

      Transmission
      B. cepacia complex is highly transmissible between cystic fibrosis patients and can be transferred from one CF patient to another in hospitals, health clinics, and social environments.

      They are a significant risk factor for morbidity and mortality in CF.

      Clinical significance
      B. cepacia complex has long been recognized as an occasional opportunistic human pathogen, capable of causing a variety of infections, including bacteremia, urinary tract infection, peritonitis, and pneumonia in persons with underlying illness.

      Like cystic fibrosis (CF), they are particularly susceptible to infection.

      Cystic fibrosis
      is a genetic, life-threatening disorder that primarily affects the digestive system and the lungs.
      It is a most common potentially lethal autosomal recessive disease.

      Strains of B. cepacia complex are frequently associated with aggressive pneumonia that is accompanied by rapidly fatal bacteremia. (cepacia syndrome)

  • Gram stain

    • the following information is not yet verified
      Gram negative rods,

      0.5-1.0 x 1-5 µm,

      lying; solitair

  • Culture characteristics

    • the following information is not yet verified

      Obligate aerobic

      BA: colonies are smooth and slightly raised; occasionally isolates are mucoid.

      Some strains of B. cenocepacia produce a yellow pigment (3%), brown pigment (14%) and a small percentage ( < 9%) are α- or β-hemolytic.

      McConkey: growth
      Colonies of the B .cepacia complex frequently become dark pink to red due to oxidation of lactose after extended incubation (4-7 days)
      BBAØ: no growth

      BCSA: (B. cepacia selective agar)
      It may take 3 days before the colonies are seen from respiratory tract specimens from CF patients.
      Colonies are smooth and slightly raised; occasionally isolates are mucoid.

      Smell
      dirt like odor

  • Characteristics

  • References

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